Integrand size = 13, antiderivative size = 61 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=-\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}+\frac {2 \sqrt {a^2-b^2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {a+b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a b} \]
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Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 61, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.615, Rules used = {3979, 4136, 3855, 4004, 3916, 2739, 632, 212} \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {a^2-b^2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {a+b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a b}-\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b} \]
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Rule 212
Rule 632
Rule 2739
Rule 3855
Rule 3916
Rule 3979
Rule 4004
Rule 4136
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \frac {-1+\csc ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\int \csc (x) \, dx}{b}+\frac {\int \frac {-b-a \csc (x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx}{b} \\ & = -\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}-\left (\frac {a}{b}-\frac {b}{a}\right ) \int \frac {\csc (x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}-\frac {\left (\frac {a}{b}-\frac {b}{a}\right ) \int \frac {1}{1+\frac {a \sin (x)}{b}} \, dx}{b} \\ & = -\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}-\frac {\left (2 \left (\frac {a}{b}-\frac {b}{a}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+\frac {2 a x}{b}+x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{b} \\ & = -\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}+\frac {\left (4 \left (\frac {a}{b}-\frac {b}{a}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-4 \left (1-\frac {a^2}{b^2}\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {2 a}{b}+2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{b} \\ & = -\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\text {arctanh}(\cos (x))}{b}+\frac {2 \sqrt {a^2-b^2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b \left (\frac {a}{b}+\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a b} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 71, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.16 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\frac {-b x+2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} \arctan \left (\frac {a+b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )-a \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )+a \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{a b} \]
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Time = 0.68 (sec) , antiderivative size = 75, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.23
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{b}+\frac {\left (-2 a^{2}+2 b^{2}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+2 a}{2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{a b \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}-\frac {2 \arctan \left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{a}\) | \(75\) |
risch | \(-\frac {x}{a}-\frac {\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}-\frac {-i b +\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a}\right )}{b a}+\frac {\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {i b +\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a}\right )}{b a}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+1\right )}{b}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}-1\right )}{b}\) | \(125\) |
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Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 206, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.38 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\left [-\frac {2 \, b x + a \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) - a \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) - \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \log \left (\frac {{\left (a^{2} - 2 \, b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, a b \sin \left (x\right ) + a^{2} + b^{2} + 2 \, {\left (b \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) + a \cos \left (x\right )\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}}}{a^{2} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, a b \sin \left (x\right ) - a^{2} - b^{2}}\right )}{2 \, a b}, -\frac {2 \, b x + a \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) - a \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) - 2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} {\left (b \sin \left (x\right ) + a\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )}\right )}{2 \, a b}\right ] \]
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\[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\cot ^{2}{\left (x \right )}}{a + b \csc {\left (x \right )}}\, dx \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
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Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 80, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.31 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=-\frac {x}{a} + \frac {\log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) \right |}\right )}{b} - \frac {2 \, {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {x}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (b\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + a}{\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}}\right )\right )} {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )}}{\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} a b} \]
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Time = 19.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 697, normalized size of antiderivative = 11.43 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^2(x)}{a+b \csc (x)} \, dx=\frac {2\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {64\,b^3}{-64\,a^3-64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b+64\,a\,b^2+64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^3}+\frac {64\,a^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{-64\,a^3-64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b+64\,a\,b^2+64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^3}-\frac {64\,a^2\,b}{-64\,a^3-64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b+64\,a\,b^2+64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^3}-\frac {64\,a\,b^2\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{-64\,a^3-64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b+64\,a\,b^2+64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^3}\right )}{a}+\frac {\ln \left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{b}-\frac {2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {512\,a^4\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{256\,a\,b^4-64\,b^5\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+512\,a^5-768\,a^3\,b^2+832\,a^2\,b^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+\frac {1024\,a^6\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b}-1792\,a^4\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}-\frac {512\,a^2\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{256\,a\,b^2-64\,b^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-768\,a^3+\frac {512\,a^5}{b^2}-\frac {1792\,a^4\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b}+\frac {1024\,a^6\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b^3}+832\,a^2\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}+\frac {64\,b^2\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{256\,a\,b^2-64\,b^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-768\,a^3+\frac {512\,a^5}{b^2}-\frac {1792\,a^4\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b}+\frac {1024\,a^6\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b^3}+832\,a^2\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}-\frac {1280\,a^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{256\,a\,b^3-64\,b^4\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-1792\,a^4\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-768\,a^3\,b+\frac {512\,a^5}{b}+832\,a^2\,b^2\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+\frac {1024\,a^6\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b^2}}+\frac {1024\,a^5\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{1024\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^6+512\,a^5\,b-1792\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^4\,b^2-768\,a^3\,b^3+832\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b^4+256\,a\,b^5-64\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,b^6}+\frac {320\,a\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{256\,a\,b^2-64\,b^3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-768\,a^3+\frac {512\,a^5}{b^2}-\frac {1792\,a^4\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b}+\frac {1024\,a^6\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{b^3}+832\,a^2\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}{a\,b} \]
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